Operating systems (OS) carry out various crucial functions that enable computers to operate efficiently and act as an interface between hardware and software. The major functions of an OS can be categorized into several key areas. Process management is one of the core functions, where the OS is responsible for creating, scheduling, and terminating processes, ensuring that multiple programs can run simultaneously without conflicts. Memory management ensures that each process has enough memory to execute properly while optimizing available physical and virtual memory to prevent crashes or slowdowns. File system management handles the creation, deletion, reading, and writing of files on various storage devices while maintaining security and organization. Device management ensures smooth communication between hardware components like printers, hard drives, and USB devices by using device drivers. Finally, security and access control protect the system's resources, enforcing rules about